使用 traefik 搭建反向代理

本文介绍家庭宽带环境下，使用traefik部署反向代理，实现自动申请证书、自动续签、反代局域网内服务等功能

注：1.目前traefik仅能通过docker部署 2. 后附unraid使用的traefik模板

以下教程以在pve的lxc中安装为例

（一）lxc环境准备

pve中以ubuntu22.04或debian12为模板，创建lxc
修改/etc/ssh/sshd_config，找到并改为 PermitRootLogin yes ，允许root登录
ssh登录lxc，更换国内源（有科学环境可不用换源）

bash <(curl -sSL https://linuxmirrors.cn/main.sh) \
    --source mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn \
    --web-protocol https \
    --backup true \
    --ignore-backup-tips \
    --updata-software false

更新软件包，安装必要依赖（若弹出选择框直接回车即可）

apt update && apt upgrade -y && apt install curl nano -y

使用官方脚本一键安装docker和docker-compose

curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh

（二）部署traefik

创建traefik所需文件及文件夹，默认traefik配置文件安装于/root/docker/traefik

mkdir -p /root/docker/traefik/configurations
cd /root/docker/traefik
touch docker-compose.yaml
touch traefik.yml
touch acme.json
touch configurations/dynamic.yml
chmod 600 acme.json

编辑docker-compose.yaml文件

nano /root/docker/traefik/docker-compose.yaml

粘贴以下代码至docker-compose.yaml，注意修改cloudflare dns api以及域名（域名格式参考traefik.abc.com）。

version: '3.8'

services:
  traefik:
    image: traefik:latest
    container_name: traefik
    restart: always
    security_opt:
      - no-new-privileges:true
    ports:
      - 80:80
      - 443:443
      - 8080:8080
    environment:
      - "CF_DNS_API_TOKEN=修改为你的cloudflare DNS api"
    volumes:
      - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro
      - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro
      - ./traefik.yml:/traefik.yml:ro
      - ./acme.json:/acme.json
      - ./configurations:/configurations
    networks:
      - proxy
    labels:
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.docker.network=bridge"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik-secure.entrypoints=websecure"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik-secure.rule=Host(`修改为你的域名，例如traefik.abc.com`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik-secure.middlewares=user-auth@file"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik-secure.service=api@internal"
networks:
  proxy:

若要使用traefik的服务发现功能，需将traefik和其他容器加入共同的bridge网络，例如先创建名为“docker_bridge”的桥接网络，traefik和其他容器均使用此bridge才可实现服务发现功能，traefik加入已有桥接网络的compose格式如下

version: '3.8'

services:
  traefik:
    image: traefik:latest
    container_name: traefik
    restart: unless-stopped
    security_opt:
      - no-new-privileges:true
    ports:
      - 80:80
      - 443:443
    environment:
      - "CF_DNS_API_TOKEN=修改为你的cloudflare DNS api"
    volumes:
      - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro
      - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro
      - ./traefik.yml:/traefik.yml:ro
      - ./acme.json:/acme.json
      - ./configurations:/configurations
    networks:
      - docker_bridge
    labels:
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.docker.network=bridge"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik-secure.entrypoints=websecure"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik-secure.rule=Host(`修改为你的域名，例如traefik.abc.com`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik-secure.middlewares=user-auth@file"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik-secure.service=api@internal"
networks:
  docker_bridge:
    external: true

编辑traefik.yml文件

nano /root/docker/traefik/traefik.yml

粘贴以下代码，注意修改“你的域名.com”及“*.你的域名.com”为自己的二级域名及三级泛域名，需先通过ddns完成二级域名及泛域名的解析

api:
  dashboard: true
  insecure: true
entryPoints:
  web:
    address: :80
    proxyProtocol:
      insecure: true
    http:
      redirections:
        entryPoint:
          to: websecure

  websecure:
    address: :443
    proxyProtocol:
      insecure: true
    http:
      middlewares:
        - secureHeaders@file
      tls:
        certResolver: myssl
        domains:
          - main: "你的域名.com"
            sans:
              - "*.你的域名.com"

serversTransport:
  insecureSkipVerify: true

providers:
  docker:
    endpoint: "unix:///var/run/docker.sock"
    exposedByDefault: false
  file:
    filename: /configurations/dynamic.yml

certificatesResolvers:
  myssl:
    acme:
      dnsChallenge:
        provider: cloudflare
        delayBeforeCheck: 0
        resolvers:
          - "119.29.29.29:53"
          - "8.8.8.8:53"

修改dynamic.yml （反向代理配置文件）

nano /root/docker/traefik/

自行修改添加域名及内网ip对应关系，注意routers中service名称与services内名称需对应一致

# Dynamic configuration
    http:
      routers:
        pve:
          service: pve
          middlewares:
          rule: "Host(`pve.你的域名.com`)"
        unraid:
          service: unraid
          middlewares:
          rule: "Host(`unraid.你的域名.com`)"

      services:
        pve:
          loadBalancer:
            servers:
              - url: "https://10.0.0.254:8006"
        unraid:
          loadBalancer:
            servers:
              - url: "http://10.0.0.8"

############################
      middlewares:
        secureHeaders:
          headers:
            sslRedirect: true
            forceSTSHeader: true
            stsIncludeSubdomains: true
            stsPreload: true
            stsSeconds: 31536000

        cors:
          headers:
            customResponseHeaders:
              Access-Control-Allow-Origin: "*"

        user-auth:
          basicAuth:
            users:
              - "admin:$apr1$tm53ra6x$FntXd6jcvxYM/YH0P2hcc1"

启动容器

docker compose up -d

traefik面板为ip:8080，默认用户名admin，密码qwer1234（面板仅有显示作用，无法部署反代）

（三）使用traefik的服务发现功能

以部署frps为例，在下述compose文件中，添加 “labels”部分内容，修改域名及端口，加入traefik使用的”docker_bridge“网络，即可使用traefik的服务发现，frps容器部署成功后，访问”frps.你的域名.com“即可使用反代，无需到traefik中配置

注意：“labels”中“port”需填容器内端口，如例子中所示，实际运行无需映射 - 9000:9527 ，即可反代访问9527端口

version: '3.3'
services:
    frps:
        restart: unless-stopped
        volumes:
            - '/root/docker/frps/frps.toml:/etc/frp/frps.toml'
        container_name: frps
        image: snowdreamtech/frps
        ports:
            - 5443:5443
            - 9000:9527
        networks:
            - docker_bridge
        labels:
            - "traefik.enable=true"
            - "traefik.http.routers.frps.rule=Host(`frps.你的域名.com`)"
            - "traefik.http.services.frps.loadbalancer.server.port=9527"
networks:
  docker_bridge:
    external: true

（四）unraid模板下载

https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jasonxtt/file/refs/heads/main/unraid-templates/my-traefik.xml